The Political Thought of Friedrich August von Hayek
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Abstract
Friedrich August von Hayek (1899-1992), an Austrian economic thinker, one of the most famous thinkers of the twentieth century and one of the most prominent theorists in contemporary political philosophy. He belonged to the Austrian school of political economy, and his works were very popular in his book (Law, Legislation and Freedom), which is divided into three parts in which he crystallized His most prominent basic ideas on the well-known issues of political philosophy: power, freedom, the state, and also the right and the relationship between political and economic institutions. Hayek’s ideas formed a basis and starting point for the ideas of neoliberalism in particular and contemporary liberalism in general in terms of calling for the revival of the traditional liberal heritage to serve the political and economic theory that he adopts, as Hayek expressed a traditional individualism that represented the essence of his political and economic ideas the first unit is the individual escalated from the first unit to be group or society. Production is the sum of individuals. Preserving the natural rights and property of individuals requires a system of any state authority that protects them and works to equalize their opportunities in their self-selection for development without interfering in this choice. Individually, the nature of Hayek's political thought can be identified by delving into some of the aspects he addressed. You will find Hayek talking about the concept of neoliberalism, as well as addressing the topic of the state and the automatic system, which are among the most prominent topics that attracted his attention through the use of an appropriate methodology represented by the historical method and the descriptive and analytical method describing the state. Which Hayek aspired to and to analyze the meaning of neoliberalism. Therefore, the main goal of the research is to clarify the meaning of neoliberalism, remove the darkness that surrounds it, and find out the extent of the state’s authority that Nahit spoke about and the possible scope of that sultanate, in addition to clarifying the theory of the cultural system that governed the economic process and the market and how it affects the existence of the state.
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